How is atrial fibrillation treated according to the material?

• A. Low-energy defibrillation of the heart at a convenient time for the patient
• B. Immediate high-energy shock
• C. Medication only
• D. Observation without intervention

Answer: (A)

The main idea is restoring normal rhythm through electrical cardioversion, done in a synchronized, low-energy way to convert atrial fibrillation back to sinus rhythm. Delivering the shock at the right moment (synchronized to the heart’s rhythm) prevents triggering dangerous rhythms, and using the lowest effective energy minimizes myocardial damage and patient discomfort. Doing this at a convenient time for the patient also allows for proper monitoring and any needed sedation, making the procedure safer and more tolerable.

Why this fits best: in stable atrial fibrillation where rhythm restoration is planned, a synchronized, low-energy shock is a common, safe method to quickly reestablish normal rhythm. Immediate high-energy shocks are more appropriate only in emergencies with instability. Relying on medications alone may or may not work and often isn’t definitive. Observation without intervention leaves the rhythm and symptoms unchanged.